Faculty in this area explore a broad range of issues relating to the musculoskeletal system and orthopedics. Understanding more about the relationship between the CNS and musculoskeletal control is a key factor in much of the ongoing research. Biomechanical tools such as 3D motion tracking, telemetered electromyography (EMG), load cells for measuring external forces (kinetics) applied to the body and magnetic resonance imaging are used to assess normal neuromuscular function and the compensations made following injury or disease. Ongoing projects are examining overuse injuries and the control of foot motion during gait, 3D function of the triceps surae during gait initiation, the influence of proprioceptive feedback on muscular function following nerve injury and musculoskeletal impairments resulting from arthritis.