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Department of Rehabilitation Medicine School of Medicine
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Adjunct Faculty

Staff
Steven L Wolf, Ph.D.

Professor, Medicine
Professor, Rehabilitation Medicine
 
Office:   Center for Rehabilitation Medicine
Room 206
Atlanta, GA 30322
  
Email:   swolf@emory.edu (University)
  
Office:   (404) 712-2222 (Lab)
(404) 712-4000 (Lab)
(404) 712-4801 (Office)
  

Overview

Work in our laboratory has centered on use of artificial physiological feedback (via operant conditioning) to enhance control of aberrant movement in normal human subjects and patients with neuromuscular and musculoskeletal disorders. This work has involved shaping muscle, force, and joint position control through presentation of audio or visual cues. Another area of emerging interest involves functional, biomechanical and physiological assessments of older individuals to control and change postural sway to reduce or prevent falling. This assessment has been made among subjects trained in Tai Chi as an exercise form and in people provided computerized force platform training to improve postural stability. The laboratory has also examined morphological and anatomical considerations of human muscle architecture to better understand the fundamental organization of multi-arthroidal muscles. These measurements are then used as a basis for performing EMG studies to discover how muscle partitions differentially participate in task-specific movements. These explorations form the basis for developing new therapies for selective muscle recruitment.

A thematic emphasis among colleagues working in this laboratory has centered about all aspects of restoration of upper extremity function following stroke (please visit. www.excite.emory.edu) We have now completed an NIH funded randomized national clinical trial (EXCITE, the Extremity Constraint Induced Therapy Evaluation) to explore the effect of constraint-induced movement therapy (forced use) of the hemiplegic upper extremity on recovery of movement function among patients who have sustained a stroke. The entrance criteria for this work evolved from our previous studies on operant conditioning of muscle responses in these patients and the identification of predictors of recovery. Other funding permits us to initiate explorations into the mechanisms underlying possible massed practice cortical reorganization using constraint-induced therapy. We are collaborating with Wake Forest University and the Ohio State University to co-register transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) mapping of the motor cortex with fMRI. These studies should shed some light on the extent and location of cortical reorganization with intense upper extremity training in able-bodied individuals and patients with stroke. Other collaborations address biomechanical changes in upper extremity motor control following stroke, the effects of direct motor cortical stimulation and intense upper extremity therapy on functional improvement among patients with stroke, and changes in behavior among patients and their caregivers when exposed to functionally-based therapeutic interventions. We have also received NIH funding to study the effects of robotic assistance on procurement of upper extremity function among patients with stroke.

Education

1973 Ph.D. Anatomy & Neurophysiology Atlanta, GA, USA
1972 M.S. Anatomy Atlanta, GA, USA
1969 M.S. Physical Therapy Boston, MA, USA

Publications

  1. Darling WG, Wolf SL, Butler AJ.
    Variability of motor potentials evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation depends on muscle activation.
    Exp Brain Res. 2006 Apr 25; [Epub ahead of print]
    PMID: 16636787 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
  2. Wolf SL, O'Grady M, Easley KA, Guo Y, Kressig RW, Kutner M.
    The influence of intense Tai Chi training on physical performance and hemodynamic outcomes in transitionally frail, older adults.
    J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006 Feb;61(2):184-9.
    PMID: 16510864
  3. Gordon AM, Charles J, Wolf SL.
    Efficacy of constraint-induced movement therapy on involved upper-extremity use in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy is not age-dependent.
    Pediatrics. 2006 Mar;117(3):e363-73.
    PMID: 16510616
  4. Wolf SL, McJunkin JP, Swanson ML, Weiss PS.
    Pilot normative database for the Wolf Motor Function Test.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006 Mar;87(3):443-5.
    PMID: 16500182
  5. Clark PC, Dunbar SB, Aycock DM, Courtney E, Wolf SL.
    Caregiver perspectives of memory and behavior changes in stroke survivors.
    Rehabil Nurs. 2006 Jan-Feb;31(1):26-32.
    PMID: 16422042
  6. Macdonald ME, Liben S, Carnevale FA, Rennick JE, Wolf SL, Meloche D, Cohen SR.
    Parental perspectives on hospital staff members' acts of kindness and commemoration after a child's death.
    Pediatrics. 2005 Oct;116(4):884-90.
    PMID: 16199697
  7. Sattin RW, Easley KA, Wolf SL, Chen Y, Kutner MH.
    Reduction in fear of falling through intense tai chi exercise training in older, transitionally frail adults.
    J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Jul;53(7):1168-78.
    PMID: 16108935
  8. Wolf SL, Thompson PA, Morris DM, Rose DK, Winstein CJ, Taub E, Giuliani C, Pearson SL.
    The EXCITE trial: attributes of the Wolf Motor Function Test in patients with subacute stroke.
    Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2005 Sep;19(3):194-205.
    PMID: 16093410
  9. Corneal SF, Butler AJ, Wolf SL.
    Intra- and intersubject reliability of abductor pollicis brevis muscle motor map characteristics with transcranial magnetic stimulation.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Aug;86(8):1670-5.
    PMID: 16084825
  10. Butler AJ, Kahn S, Wolf SL, Weiss P.
    Finger extensor variability in TMS parameters among chronic stroke patients.
    J Neuroengineering Rehabil. 2005 May 31;2:10.
    PMID: 15927075 [PubMed]
  11. Gordon AM, Charles J, Wolf SL.
    Methods of constraint-induced movement therapy for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: development of a child-friendly intervention for improving upper-extremity function.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Apr;86(4):837-44.
    PMID: 15827942
  12. Wayne PM, Scarborough DM, Krebs DE, Parker SW, Wolf SL, Asmundson L, McGibbon CA.
    Tai Chi for vestibulopathic balance dysfunction: a case study.
    Altern Ther Health Med. 2005 Mar-Apr;11(2):60-6. Review. No abstract available.
    PMID: 15819449
  13. Wolf SL, Butler AJ, Alberts JL, Kim MW.
    Contemporary linkages between EMG, kinetics and stroke rehabilitation.
    J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2005 Jun;15(3):229-39. Review.
    PMID: 15763670
  14. McGibbon CA, Krebs DE, Wolf SL, Wayne PM, Scarborough DM, Parker SW.
    Tai Chi and vestibular rehabilitation effects on gaze and whole-body stability.
    J Vestib Res. 2004;14(6):467-78.
    PMID: 15735329
  15. McGibbon CA, Krebs DE, Parker SW, Scarborough DM, Wayne PM, Wolf SL.
    Tai Chi and vestibular rehabilitation improve vestibulopathic gait via different neuromuscular mechanisms: preliminary report.
    BMC Neurol. 2005 Feb 18;5(1):3.
    PMID: 15717934
  16. Clark PC, Dunbar SB, Shields CG, Viswanathan B, Aycock DM, Wolf SL.
    Influence of stroke survivor characteristics and family conflict surrounding recovery on caregivers' mental and physical health.
    Nurs Res. 2004 Nov-Dec;53(6):406-13.
    PMID: 15586137
  17. Alberts JL, Butler AJ, Wolf SL.
    The effects of constraint-induced therapy on precision grip: a preliminary study.
    Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2004 Dec;18(4):250-8.
    PMID: 15537995
  18. Hass CJ, Gregor RJ, Waddell DE, Oliver A, Smith DW, Fleming RP, Wolf SL.
    The influence of Tai Chi training on the center of pressure trajectory during gait initiation in older adults.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Oct;85(10):1593-8.
    PMID: 15468016
  19. Wolf SL, Hogan JS, Smith KL.
    Iron uptake by Escherichia coli cultured with antibodies from cows immunized with high-affinity ferric receptors.
    J Dairy Sci. 2004 Jul;87(7):2103-7.
    PMID: 15328222
  20. Wolf SL, Butler AJ, Campana GI, Parris TA, Struys DM, Weinstein SR, Weiss P.
    Intra-subject reliability of parameters contributing to maps generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation in able-bodied adults.
    Clin Neurophysiol. 2004 Aug;115(8):1740-7.
    PMID: 15261852
  21. Park SW, Butler AJ, Cavalheiro V, Alberts JL, Wolf SL.
    Changes in serial optical topography and TMS during task performance after constraint-induced movement therapy in stroke: a case study.
    Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2004 Jun;18(2):95-105.
    PMID: 15228805
  22. Aycock DM, Blanton S, Clark PC, Wolf SL.
    What is constraint-induced therapy?
    Rehabil Nurs. 2004 Jul-Aug;29(4):114-5, 121. Review. No abstract available.
    PMID: 15222091
  23. Kressig RW, Gregor RJ, Oliver A, Waddell D, Smith W, O'Grady M, Curns AT, Kutner M, Wolf SL.
    Temporal and spatial features of gait in older adults transitioning to frailty.
    Gait Posture. 2004 Aug;20(1):30-5.
    PMID: 15196517
  24. Wayne PM, Krebs DE, Wolf SL, Gill-Body KM, Scarborough DM, McGibbon CA, Kaptchuk TJ, Parker SW.
    Can Tai Chi improve vestibulopathic postural control?
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Jan;85(1):142-52. Review.
    PMID: 14970982
  25. Wolf SL, Barnhart HX, Kutner NG, McNeely E, Coogler C, Xu T; Atlanta FICSIT Group.
    Selected as the best paper in the 1990s: Reducing frailty and falls in older persons: an investigation of tai chi and computerized balance training.
    J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003 Dec;51(12):1794-803.
    PMID: 14687360
  26. Wolf SL, Sattin RW, Kutner M, O'Grady M, Greenspan AI, Gregor RJ.
    Intense tai chi exercise training and fall occurrences in older, transitionally frail adults: a randomized, controlled trial.
    J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003 Dec;51(12):1693-701.
    PMID: 14687346
  27. Barreca S, Wolf SL, Fasoli S, Bohannon R.
    Treatment interventions for the paretic upper limb of stroke survivors: a critical review.
    Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2003 Dec;17(4):220-6. Review.
    PMID: 14677218
  28. Butler AJ, Wolf SL.
    Transcranial magnetic stimulation to assess cortical plasticity: a critical perspective for stroke rehabilitation.
    J Rehabil Med. 2003 May;(41 Suppl):20-6. Review.
    PMID: 12817653
  29. Wolf SL, Blanton S, Baer H, Breshears J, Butler AJ.
    Repetitive task practice: a critical review of constraint-induced movement therapy in stroke.
    Neurologist. 2002 Nov;8(6):325-38.
    PMID: 12801434 [PubMed]
  30. Clark PC, Shields CG, Aycock D, Wolf SL.
    Preliminary reliability and validity of a family caregiver conflict scale for stroke.
    Prog Cardiovasc Nurs. 2003 Spring;18(2):77-82, 92.
    PMID: 12732800
  31. Wolf SL.
    Thirty-third Mary McMillan Lecture: "Look forward, walk tall": Exploring our "What if" questions.
    Phys Ther. 2002 Nov;82(11):1108-18. No abstract available.
    PMID: 12405875
  32. Kressig RW, Wolf SL, Sattin RW, O'Grady M, Greenspan A, Curns A, Kutner M.
    Associations of demographic, functional, and behavioral characteristics with activity-related fear of falling among older adults transitioning to frailty.
    J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001 Nov;49(11):1456-62.
    PMID: 11890583
  33. Wolf SL, Sattin RW, O'Grady M, Freret N, Ricci L, Greenspan AI, Xu T, Kutner M.
    A study design to investigate the effect of intense Tai Chi in reducing falls among older adults transitioning to frailty.
    Control Clin Trials. 2001 Dec;22(6):689-704.
    PMID: 11738125
  34. Segal RL, Wolf SL, Catlin PA, Gilliand RL, Taffs JK, Bass HC, Vickers EF.
    Uncoupling of human short and long latency stretch reflex responses with operant conditioning.
    Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2000;17(1):17-22.
    PMID: 11490073 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
  35. Wolf SL.
    From tibialis anterior to Tai Chi: biofeedback and beyond.
    Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2001 Jun;26(2):155-74.
    PMID: 11480166
  36. Wolf SL, Catlin PA, Ellis M, Archer AL, Morgan B, Piacentino A.
    Assessing Wolf motor function test as outcome measure for research in patients after stroke.
    Stroke. 2001 Jul;32(7):1635-9.
    PMID: 11441212
  37. Wolf SL.
    The first Basmajian lecture. Reflections on John V. Basmajian: Anatomist, Electromyographer, Scientist.
    J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1997 Dec;7(4):213-219.
    PMID: 11369264 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
  38. Baer HR, Wolf SL.
    Modified emory functional ambulation profile: an outcome measure for the rehabilitation of poststroke gait dysfunction.
    Stroke. 2001 Apr;32(4):973-9.
    PMID: 11283399
  39. Sathian K, Greenspan AI, Wolf SL.
    Doing it with mirrors: a case study of a novel approach to neurorehabilitation.
    Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2000;14(1):73-6.
    PMID: 11228952
  40. Wolf SL, Riolo L, Ouslander JG.
    Urge incontinence and the risk of falling in older women.
    J Am Geriatr Soc. 2000 Jul;48(7):847-8. No abstract available.
    PMID: 10894329
  41. Wolf SL, Catlin PA, Gage K, Gurucharri K, Robertson R, Stephen K.
    Establishing the reliability and validity of measurements of walking time using the Emory Functional Ambulation Profile.
    Phys Ther. 1999 Dec;79(12):1122-33.
    PMID: 10630281
  42. Wolf SL.
    An alternative perspective.
    Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 1999 Mar;24(1):39-40; discussion 43-54.
    PMID: 10553481
  43. Blanton S, Wolf SL.
    An application of upper-extremity constraint-induced movement therapy in a patient with subacute stroke.
    Phys Ther. 1999 Sep;79(9):847-53.
    PMID: 10479785
  44. Wolf SL, Ammerman J, Jann B.
    Organization of responses in human lateral gastrocnemius muscle to specified body perturbations.
    J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1998 Feb;8(1):11-21.
    PMID: 9667030
  45. Wolf SL, Bobinac-Georgievski A, Braus V, Montani M.
    Electrokinesiologic measurement of trunk sagittal mobility and lumbar erector spinae muscle activity.
    J Rehabil Res Dev. 1997 Oct;34(4):470-8.
    PMID: 9323650
  46. Kutner NG, Barnhart H, Wolf SL, McNeely E, Xu T.
    Self-report benefits of Tai Chi practice by older adults.
    J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1997 Sep;52(5):P242-6.
    PMID: 9310093
  47. Wolf SL, Coogler C, Xu T.
    Exploring the basis for Tai Chi Chuan as a therapeutic exercise approach.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Aug;78(8):886-92.
    PMID: 9344312
  48. Wolf SL, Barnhart HX, Ellison GL, Coogler CE.
    The effect of Tai Chi Quan and computerized balance training on postural stability in older subjects. Atlanta FICSIT Group. Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies on Intervention Techniques.
    Phys Ther. 1997 Apr;77(4):371-81; discussion 382-4.
    PMID: 9105340
  49. Connell BR, Wolf SL.
    Environmental and behavioral circumstances associated with falls at home among healthy elderly individuals. Atlanta FICSIT Group.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997 Feb;78(2):179-86.
    PMID: 9041900
  50. Wolf SL, Kim JH.
    Morphological analysis of the human tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius muscles.
    Acta Anat (Basel). 1997;158(4):287-95.
    PMID: 9416360
  51. Smith BN, Segal RL, Wolf SL.
    Long latency ankle responses to dynamic perturbation in older fallers and non-fallers.
    J Am Geriatr Soc. 1996 Dec;44(12):1447-54.
    PMID: 8951314
  52. Goldberg L, Elliot D, Clarke GN, MacKinnon DP, Moe E, Zoref L, Green C, Wolf SL, Greffrath E, Miller DJ, Lapin A.
    Effects of a multidimensional anabolic steroid prevention intervention. The Adolescents Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids (ATLAS) Program.
    JAMA. 1996 Nov 20;276(19):1555-62.
    PMID: 8918852
  53. Goldberg L, Elliot DL, Clarke GN, MacKinnon DP, Zoref L, Moe E, Green C, Wolf SL.
    The Adolescents Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids (ATLAS) prevention program. Background and results of a model intervention.
    Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1996 Jul;150(7):713-21.
    PMID: 8673196
  54. Edgerton VR, Wolf SL, Levendowski DJ, Roy RR.
    Theoretical basis for patterning EMG amplitudes to assess muscle dysfunction.
    Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1996 Jun;28(6):744-51.
    PMID: 8784762
  55. Wolf SL, Segal RL, Catlin PA, Tschorn J, Raleigh T, Kontos H, Pate P.
    Determining consistency of elbow joint threshold angle in elbow flexor muscles with spastic hypertonia.
    Phys Ther. 1996 Jun;76(6):586-600.
    PMID: 8650274
  56. Wolf SL, Barnhart HX, Kutner NG, McNeely E, Coogler C, Xu T.
    Reducing frailty and falls in older persons: an investigation of Tai Chi and computerized balance training. Atlanta FICSIT Group. Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques.
    J Am Geriatr Soc. 1996 May;44(5):489-97.
    PMID: 8617895
  57. Wolf SL, Segal RL.
    Reducing human biceps brachii spinal stretch reflex magnitude.
    J Neurophysiol. 1996 Apr;75(4):1637-46.
    PMID: 8727402
  58. Johnson JL, Wolf SL, Kabadi UM.
    Efficacy of insulin and sulfonylurea combination therapy in type II diabetes. A meta-analysis of the randomized placebo-controlled trials.
    Arch Intern Med. 1996 Feb 12;156(3):259-64.
    PMID: 8572835
  59. Wolf SL.
    Belief and believe: seeking scientific truths that underlie the art of physiotherapy.
    Physiother Res Int. 1996;1(4):iv-vi. No abstract available.
    PMID: 9238737
  60. Wolf SL.
    Assessment of lumbar EMG during static and dynamic activity in pain- free normals: implications for muscle scanning protocols.
    Biofeedback Self Regul. 1995 Dec;20(4):393-7. No abstract available.
    PMID: 8695704
  61. Wolf SL, Twarog F, Weiler JM, Barron RJ, Lang DM, Wells JH, Zitt M, Virant FS, Katz RM, Banyash LW, et al.
    Discussion of risk of scuba diving in individuals with allergic and respiratory diseases: SCUBA Subcommittee.
    J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1995 Dec;96(6 Pt 1):871-3. No abstract available.
    PMID: 8543742
  62. Rossiter-Fornoff JE, Wolf SL, Wolfson LI, Buchner DM.
    A cross-sectional validation study of the FICSIT common data base static balance measures. Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques.
    J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1995 Nov;50(6):M291-7.
    PMID: 7583799
  63. Province MA, Hadley EC, Hornbrook MC, Lipsitz LA, Miller JP, Mulrow CD, Ory MG, Sattin RW, Tinetti ME, Wolf SL.
    The effects of exercise on falls in elderly patients. A preplanned meta-analysis of the FICSIT Trials. Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques.
    JAMA. 1995 May 3;273(17):1341-7.
    PMID: 7715058
  64. Wolf SL, Segal RL, Heter ND, Catlin PA.
    Contralateral and long latency effects of human biceps brachii stretch reflex conditioning.
    Exp Brain Res. 1995;107(1):96-102.
    PMID: 8751067
  65. Segal RL, Wolf SL.
    Operant conditioning of spinal stretch reflexes in patients with spinal cord injuries.
    Exp Neurol. 1994 Dec;130(2):202-13.
    PMID: 7867751
  66. Wolf SL, Catlin PA, Blanton S, Edelman J, Lehrer N, Schroeder D.
    Overcoming limitations in elbow movement in the presence of antagonist hyperactivity.
    Phys Ther. 1994 Sep;74(9):826-35.
    PMID: 8066109
  67. Tovin BJ, Wolf SL, Greenfield BH, Crouse J, Woodfin BA.
    Comparison of the effects of exercise in water and on land on the rehabilitation of patients with intra-articular anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions.
    Phys Ther. 1994 Aug;74(8):710-9. Erratum in: Phys Ther 1994 Dec;74(12):1165.
    PMID: 8047560
  68. Hersh WR, Elliot DL, Hickam DH, Wolf SL, Molnar A, Leichtenstien C.
    Towards new measures of information retrieval evaluation.
    Proc Annu Symp Comput Appl Med Care. 1994;:895-9.
    PMID: 7950053
  69. English AW, Wolf SL, Segal RL.
    Compartmentalization of muscles and their motor nuclei: the partitioning hypothesis.
    Phys Ther. 1993 Dec;73(12):857-67. Review.
    PMID: 8248294
  70. Wolf SL, Kutner NG, Green RC, McNeely E.
    The Atlanta FICSIT study: two exercise interventions to reduce frailty in elders.
    J Am Geriatr Soc. 1993 Mar;41(3):329-32.
    PMID: 8440859
  71. Buchner DM, Hornbrook MC, Kutner NG, Tinetti ME, Ory MG, Mulrow CD, Schechtman KB, Gerety MB, Fiatarone MA, Wolf SL, et al.
    Development of the common data base for the FICSIT trials.
    J Am Geriatr Soc. 1993 Mar;41(3):297-308.
    PMID: 8440854
  72. Wolf SL.
    Looking at the future through windows of opportunity.
    Biofeedback Self Regul. 1992 Dec;17(4):245-59. No abstract available.
    PMID: 1477145
  73. Wolf SL.
    The relationship of technology assessment and utilization. Electromyographic feedback instrumentation as a model.
    Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 1992 Winter;8(1):102-8.
    PMID: 1601580
  74. Wolf LB, Segal RL, Wolf SL, Nyberg R.
    Quantitative analysis of surface and percutaneous electromyographic activity in lumbar erector spinae of normal young women.
    Spine. 1991 Feb;16(2):155-61.
    PMID: 1826375
  75. Segal RL, Wolf SL, DeCamp MJ, Chopp MT, English AW.
    Anatomical partitioning of three multiarticular human muscles.
    Acta Anat (Basel). 1991;142(3):261-6.
    PMID: 1796742
  76. Wolf SL, Segal RL.
    Conditioning of the spinal stretch reflex: implications for rehabilitation.
    Phys Ther. 1990 Oct;70(10):652-6. Review.
    PMID: 2217544
  77. Wolf SL.
    Use of biofeedback in the treatment of stroke patients.
    Stroke. 1990 Sep;21(9 Suppl):II22-3. Review. No abstract available.
    PMID: 2205020
  78. Evatt ML, Wolf SL, Segal RL.
    Modification of human spinal stretch reflexes: preliminary studies.
    Neurosci Lett. 1989 Nov 6;105(3):350-5.
    PMID: 2594221
  79. Wolf SL, Minkwitz JA.
    Topical anesthetics: effects on the Achilles tendon and H-reflexes. II. Stroke patients.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1989 Sep;70(9):673-7.
    PMID: 2774884
  80. Wolf SL, LeCraw DE, Barton LA.
    Comparison of motor copy and targeted biofeedback training techniques for restitution of upper extremity function among patients with neurologic disorders.
    Phys Ther. 1989 Sep;69(9):719-35.
    PMID: 2772035
  81. Wolf SL, Minkwitz JA.
    Topical anesthetics: effects on the Achilles tendon and H-reflexes. I. Able-bodied subjects.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1989 Jul;70(7):531-6.
    PMID: 2742469
  82. Wolf SL, Lecraw DE, Barton LA, Jann BB.
    Forced use of hemiplegic upper extremities to reverse the effect of learned nonuse among chronic stroke and head-injured patients.
    Exp Neurol. 1989 May;104(2):125-32.
    PMID: 2707361
  83. Greene BL, Wolf SL.
    Upper extremity joint movement: comparison of two measurement devices.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1989 Apr;70(4):288-90.
    PMID: 2930342
  84. Greenfield B, Kraus S, Lawrence E, Wolf SL.
    The influence of cephalostatic ear rods on the positions of the head and neck during postural recordings.
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989 Apr;95(4):312-8.
    PMID: 2705411
  85. Wolf SL, Wolf LB, Segal RL.
    The relationship of extraneous movements to lumbar paraspinal muscle activity: implications for EMG biofeedback training applications to low back pain patients.
    Biofeedback Self Regul. 1989 Mar;14(1):63-74.
    PMID: 2526659
  86. Clapper MP, Wolf SL.
    Comparison of the reliability of the Orthoranger and the standard goniometer for assessing active lower extremity range of motion.
    Phys Ther. 1988 Feb;68(2):214-8.
    PMID: 3340659
  87. Banja JD, Wolf SL.
    Malpractice litigation for uninformed consent. Implications for physical therapists.
    Phys Ther. 1987 Aug;67(8):1226-9.
    PMID: 3615592
  88. Wolf SL, Edwards DI, Shutter LA.
    Concurrent assessment of muscle activity (CAMA). A procedural approach to assess treatment goals.
    Phys Ther. 1986 Feb;66(2):218-24. No abstract available.
    PMID: 3945676
  89. Wolf SL, Ariel GB, Saar D, Penny MA, Railey P.
    The effect of muscle stimulation during resistive training on performance parameters.
    Am J Sports Med. 1986 Jan-Feb;14(1):18-23.
    PMID: 3752341
  90. Shutter LA, Edwards DI, Wolf SL.
    New motor assessment scale examined.
    Phys Ther. 1985 Jul;65(7):1091-6. No abstract available.
    PMID: 4011688
  91. Gersh MR, Wolf SL.
    Applications of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the management of patients with pain. State-of-the-art update.
    Phys Ther. 1985 Mar;65(3):314-36.
    PMID: 3871954
  92. Carey PB, Wolf SL, Binder-MacLeod SA, Bain RL.
    Assessing the reliability of measurements from the Krusen limb load monitor to analyze temporal and loading characteristics of normal gait.
    Phys Ther. 1984 Feb;64(2):199-203.
    PMID: 6695010
  93. Wolf SL, Binder-MacLeod SA.
    Electromyographic biofeedback applications to the hemiplegic patient. Changes in lower extremity neuromuscular and functional status.
    Phys Ther. 1983 Sep;63(9):1404-13.
    PMID: 6611661
  94. Wolf SL, Binder-MacLeod SA.
    Electromyographic biofeedback applications to the hemiplegic patient. Changes in upper extremity neuromuscular and functional status.
    Phys Ther. 1983 Sep;63(9):1393-403.
    PMID: 6611660
  95. Wolf SL.
    Electromyographic biofeedback applications to stroke patients. A critical review.
    Phys Ther. 1983 Sep;63(9):1448-59. Review.
    PMID: 6351119
  96. English AW, Wolf SL.
    The motor unit. Anatomy and physiology.
    Phys Ther. 1982 Dec;62(12):1763-72. Review.
    PMID: 6216490
  97. Wolf SL, Binder-Macleod SA.
    Use of the Krusen Limb Load Monitor to quantify temporal and loading measurements of gait.
    Phys Ther. 1982 Jul;62(7):976-84.
    PMID: 7089061
  98. Nacht MB, Wolf SL, Coogler CE.
    Use of electromyographic biofeedback during the acute phase of spinal cord injury: a case report.
    Phys Ther. 1982 Mar;62(3):290-4. No abstract available.
    PMID: 7063528
  99. Rao VR, Wolf SL, Gersh MR.
    Examination of electrode placements and stimulating parameters in treating chronic pain with conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS).
    Pain. 1981 Aug;11(1):37-47.
    PMID: 6975458
  100. Ostendorf CG, Wolf SL.
    Effect of forced use of the upper extremity of a hemiplegic patient on changes in function. A single-case design.
    Phys Ther. 1981 Jul;61(7):1022-8.
    PMID: 7243897
  101. Binder SA, Moll CB, Wolf SL.
    Evaluation of electromyographic biofeedback as an adjunct to therapeutic exercise in treating the lower extremities of hemiplegic patients.
    Phys Ther. 1981 Jun;61(6):886-93.
    PMID: 7243887
  102. Wolf SL, Hudson JE.
    Feedback signal based upon force and time delay: modification of the Krusen Limb Load Monitor.
    Phys Ther. 1980 Oct;60(10):1289-90. No abstract available.
    PMID: 7443793
  103. Wolf SL, Baker MP, Kelly JL.
    EMG biofeedback in stroke: a 1-year follow-up on the effect of patient characteristics.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1980 Aug;61(8):351-5.
    PMID: 7406672
  104. Brena SF, Wolf SL, Chapman SL, Hammonds WD.
    Chronic back pain: electromyographic, motion and behavioral assessments following sympathetic nerve blocks and placebos.
    Pain. 1980 Feb;8(1):1-10.
    PMID: 6445050
  105. Jones AL, Wolf SL.
    Treating chronic low back pain. EMG biofeedback training during movement.
    Phys Ther. 1980 Jan;60(1):58-63.
    PMID: 6444251
  106. Gersh MR, Wolf SL, Rao VR.
    Evaluation of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pain relief in peripheral neuropathy.
    Phys Ther. 1980 Jan;60(1):48-52. No abstract available.
    PMID: 6243185
  107. Kelly JL, Baker MP, Wolf SL.
    Procedures for EMG biofeedback training in involved upper extremities of hemiplegic patients.
    Phys Ther. 1979 Dec;59(12):1500-7.
    PMID: 390563
  108. Wolf SL, Basmajian JV, Russe CT, Kutner M.
    Normative data on low back mobility and activity levels. Implications for neuromuscular reeducation.
    Am J Phys Med. 1979 Oct;58(5):217-29.
    PMID: 158315
  109. Wolf SL.
    A method for quantifying ambulatory activities.
    Phys Ther. 1979 Jun;59(6):767-8. No abstract available.
    PMID: 441124
  110. Wolf SL, Mikhael MA.
    Computerized transaxial tomographic and neuropsychol evaluations in chronic alcoholics and heroin abusers.
    Am J Psychiatry. 1979 Apr;136(4B):598-602.
    PMID: 311592
  111. Wolf SL, Baker MP, Kelly JL.
    EMG biofeedback in stroke: effect of patient characteristics.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1979 Mar;60(3):96-102.
    PMID: 485806
  112. Wolf SL.
    Microneurography: a technique producing information about factors affecting cardiovascular control.
    Psychophysiology. 1979 Mar;16(2):164-70. No abstract available.
    PMID: 424500
  113. Baker MP, Hudson JE, Wolf SL.
    A "feedback" cane to improve the hemiplegic patient's gait.
    Phys Ther. 1979 Feb;59(2):170-1. No abstract available.
    PMID: 760126
  114. Regenos EM, Wolf SL.
    Involuntary single motor unit discharges in spastic muscles during EMG biofeedback training.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1979 Feb;60(2):72-3.
    PMID: 464771
  115. Wolf SL.
    Reflex and voluntary electromyographic activity with hemiparesis: applause for analytic approach.
    Phys Ther. 1979 Jan;59(1):57-8. No abstract available.
    PMID: 424453
  116. Wolf SL, Gersh MR, Kutner M.
    Relationship of selected clinical variables to current delivered during transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.
    Phys Ther. 1978 Dec;58(12):1478-85.
    PMID: 368821
  117. Wolf SL.
    Perspectives on central nervous system responsiveness to transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.
    Phys Ther. 1978 Dec;58(12):1443-9.
    PMID: 217027
  118. Roth MG, Wolf SL.
    Monitoring stimulation parameters from clinical transcutaneous nerve stimulators.
    Phys Ther. 1978 May;58(5):586-7. No abstract available.
    PMID: 306113
  119. Nahai F, Wolf SL.
    Percutaneous recordings from peripheral nerves (preliminary communication).
    J Hand Surg [Am]. 1978 Mar;3(2):168-72.
    PMID: 632547
  120. Wolf SL.
    Essential considerations in the use of EMG biofeedback.
    Phys Ther. 1978 Jan;58(1):25-31.
    PMID: 619370
  121. Wolf SL, Nahai F, Brown DM, Jordan N, Kutner M.
    Objective determinations of sensibility in the upper extremity. Part III. Application of cutaneous stimuli in patients with peripheral nerve lesions.
    Phys Ther. 1977 Oct;57(10):1132-7.
    PMID: 909940
  122. Wolf SL, Nahai F, Brown DM, Jordan N, Kutner M.
    Objective determinations of sensibility in the upper extremity. Part II. Application of cutaneous stimuli in control subjects.
    Phys Ther. 1977 Oct;57(10):1126-31.
    PMID: 909939
  123. Wolf SL, Nahai F, Brown DM, Jordan N, Kutner M.
    Objective determinations of sensibility in the upper extremity. Part I. Median nerve sensory conduction velocities.
    Phys Ther. 1977 Oct;57(10):1121-5.
    PMID: 909938
  124. Baker M, Regenos E, Wolf SL, Basmajian JV.
    Developing strategies for biofeedback. Applications in neurologically handicapped patients.
    Phys Ther. 1977 Apr;57(4):402-8.
    PMID: 847015
  125. Wolf SL, Cohen BA.
    Sensory threshold measurements for electrical stimulation of the digits.
    Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1977 Mar;58(3):127-32.
    PMID: 843204
  126. Wolf SL, Letbetter WD, Basmajian JV.
    Effects of a specific ecutaneous cold stimulus on single motor unit activity of medial gastrocnemium muscle in man.
    Am J Phys Med. 1976 Aug;55(4):177-83.
    PMID: 961831
  127. Wolf SL, Clifford HC.
    Interacting with computer personnel in performing clinical rehabilitation research.
    Phys Ther. 1976 Feb;56(2):178-83.
    PMID: 1246547
  128. Wolf SL, Knutsson E.
    Effects of skin cooling on stretch reflex activity in triceps surae of the decerebrate cat.
    Exp Neurol. 1975 Oct;49(1 Pt 1):22-34. No abstract available.
    PMID: 126869
  129. Wolf SL, Letbetter WD.
    Effect of skin cooling on spontaneous EMG activity in triceps surae of the decerebrate cat.
    Brain Res. 1975 Jun 20;91(1):151-5. No abstract available.
    PMID: 1131696
  130. Wolf SL.
    LETTER: Skin analgesia and ice massage.
    Phys Ther. 1975 May;55(5):536. No abstract available.
    PMID: 1129370
  131. Wolf SL, Basmajian JV.
    Intramuscular temperature changes deep to localized cutaneous cold stimulation.
    Phys Ther. 1973 Dec;53(12):1284-8. No abstract available.
    PMID: 4759710
  132. Basmajian JV, Wolf SL, Shine GL.
    Device for controlled rapid localized cooling.
    Am J Phys Med. 1973 Apr;52(2):65-7. No abstract available.
    PMID: 4699912
  133. Wolf SL, Basmajian JV.
    A rapid cooling device for controlled cutaneous stimulation.
    Phys Ther. 1973 Jan;53(1):25-7. No abstract available.
    PMID: 4682696
  134. Wolf SL.
    Contralateral upper extremity cooling from a specific cold stimulus.
    Phys Ther. 1971 Feb;51(2):158-65. No abstract available.
    PMID: 4925167
  135. Wolf SL, Reed JK Jr.
    Rehabilitation of the patient with a postsurgical lower extremity amputation.
    Phys Ther. 1970 Dec;50(12):1701-5. No abstract available.
    PMID: 5481819
  136. WOLF SL.
    All about paint.
    Hospitals. 1959 Aug 1;33(15, Part 1):79-82. No abstract available.
    PMID: 13672598 [PubMed - OLDMEDLINE for Pre1966]

 

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